Fluid-gas compressor



May 24, 1927.

J. FRANKy-:NBERG FLUID GAS COMPRESSOR Original Filed July 1. 1920 I5 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 24, 192%.

J. FRANKENBERG FLUID GAS coMPREsson Original Fied July 1. 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 -May 24, 1927.

J. FRANKENBERG FLUI G As coMPnEsSon original Filed July 1. .Lazo

In Sheets-Sheet 3 v'35 speed generally Patented May 24,' 1921.

PATENT foEFlcE.

JULI'US FRANKENBERG, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

FLUID-Gas COMPRESSOR.

Original application filed July 1,

13, 1924. Serial N0. 737,566.

This is a divisional application of my cpending application Serial Number 393,390,`

. filed the- 1st day of July, 1920, for improvements in domestic refrigerating units, jand 5 relates to improvements in fluid gas-comtion and partly in' elevation ofthe upper presso'rs, to"\be usedfor any purpose'or in connection with any kind of apparatus to which it maybe found adaptable or applicable, but particularly fory use and inconlO nection with refrigerating apparatus using anhydrous ammonia or any other kindred refrigerant, which type of'apparatus'- is so well understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, as to require/no.illustration herein, but which will bereferred to in a general way.

TheY invention consists in certain peculiaritiesof thel construction, novel arrangement, combination and cooperation of the various parts thereof, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth and specifically claimed. f

The principal object of the invention is to produce -a compact-fluid gas compressor for use in meat markets and down to the domestic sizes. which embodies maximum efficiency. minimum weight, and minimum general displacement combined usual reliability and endurance ofits component parts.

y The only possible way to attain this object is to employ high speed operation which makes special valve design or construction a necessity.. Especially is-.this true as to the suction valve of the compressor, as high reduces the latters volumetric eliiciency, a disadvantage -obviated in my device.

i use anhydrous ammonia, the. ammonia type compressor will be hereinafter more fully 40 described. in preference to the sulphurdioxide type of compressor, although a form of the invention for the last named type of compres-:sor will also be described, which descriptions will be more readily understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which einbodiments of which the invention is susceptible is illustratedgit beingr Yunderstood that changes and modifications .maybe re- `sorted to without. a departure 'from the- .spirit or essence 'ofthe invention, so long as they fall within, the scope of the appended claims formmg apart hereof.

with unc `views of the drawings.

Since most refrigerating machines bore of the cylinder, which ln the accompanying drawings,- Fig. 1 1s a central vertical sectional view 192.0Seria1 No. 393,390. Divided andthis application tiled September of the ycompressor cylinder with the piston and the vcompressor valves in place.

Fig.'2 isan enlarged view partly in secthe suction plate Valve brolz'ien away.

5 is a detached perspective View. o1 the f ischarge-va1ve.- Fig. 6 is agcentra'l Vertical sectionv of modified forms of the compressor cylinder, the

piston and valves showing the lower portion of. the discharge .hood for use in connection with sulphur dioxide or similar refrigerating apparatus, and

Fig. 7 is a topplan View of said cylinder head and discharge omitted. y

Like numerals of reference refer to corresponding parts throughout the different particularly tok Figs.

Referring now more drawings, the com- 1 to 5 inclusive of the pressor cylinder is designated as a wholeby thenumeral 10 and said cylinder has at its lower end a horizontally disposed flange 11 valve', with the hood Von line 4-4 of Fig. 1 showing a portion of adapted tobe bolted or secured to the top of a 'crank case, not shown, of an ammonia compressor, preferably, of the enclosed vertical type, which type and which arrangement is now so well known that it is deemed unnecessary to illustrate or more`fully erplain the mounting of the cylinder.

As shown, the cylinder 10 is equipped with a piston, the numeral 12 for Vertical operation in the piston has its lower end connected to the crank shaft by means of a connecting rod 13 in the ordinary or any well known way. The piston 12 is of the well known double trunk type vand is so arranged with respect to the bore of the cylinder that 1n its reciprocation therein it;V

CII.

v which ports l valve stem 21 which has on its lower end a head 211 normally held in spaced relation with lrespect t0 the sleeve or guide 25 by means of a relatively light spring 23 encircling said'guide and resting at one of its ends on the 'head or enlargement 21*1 and at its other end against the lower surface of the top of the piston as will be readily understood -by reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings. The/s'leeve or guide 2 5 has its upper end flush with the upper end .of the piston 12 and may be riveted or otherwise secured in a circle and regi I lstem 21 is thelsuction in place. The upper surface of the piston 12 is provided withan annularv groove or port 26 which is concentric with respect to the sleeve 25.

Formed in the upper end of the piston are a plurality of spaced ports 19l arranged Storing or commun1cating at their upper ends with the port 26. Between the port or annular groove 26 and the guide 25 the upper surface of the upper endl of the piston is provided with an annular groove or channel 26a for the purpose to be presently explained. Loosely mounted around the upper portion of. the

valve 20 which is b preference circular in shape and of suoli dimensions as to cover almost the entire top of the piston 12 as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 of the drawings. This valve 20 by preference is made of ve thin spring steel and is loosely held aroun the stem 21 by means of a knob or head 22 rigidly secured on the upper end of the stem 21. This knob or enlargement 22'has its surface adjacentthe valve 20 outwardly and upwardly extended f or shaped, while its upper lateral portion 'is upwardly and inwardly extended or shaped so that flexing movement of the valve 20 will not be materially interfered with thereby and so that when the piston is at the upper; most position, the knob or head'22 willl lit in or co-operate with an opening in an element of the compressor located in the upper portion of the cylinder.

The efficient action of the valve '20 is based, firstly, uponI its great iexibility, it being madel of very thin steel especially adapted for the purpose, and bein of comparatively large d iameter;-sec'ond1y, upon the fact that it is not held solidl .in the center, it having 'at loose t aroun the-stem 21 as clearly position.

shown in Fig. 2, and is there yieldingly held by means of the stem 21, knob 22 and the.

spring 23.` By my improvements other-ad vantages are attained; for instance, supposing the piston 12 is at its extreme upper On its return or downward stroke, the valve stem 21 with of their inertia, will tend to remaln stationary, and hence will lag behind the piston, thus relieving the pressure between the knob 22 and the plate valve- 20 exerted by the spring 23. The lag of the s tem'21 resulting from the bodily shifting of the stem 21 .with respect to the piston, 'as above indicated` also permits bodily shifting or lifting of the plate valve 20 away from the end ofthe piston. In addition, as the suction gas rushes through the ports 19 and annular port 26, it 'causes the plate valve 20 to -ex about the knob 22a. The amount of flexing, however, willobviously be less than in those types of valves where a spring plate is securely 'fastened to the piston., Hence, the bodily lifting of the plate valve or bodily separation from the piston, combined with the relatively small amount of iexing of ther valve promotes long lifeNof the Suction plate the .knob 22, by virtue valve while at the same time vthe area of the l passages for the transference of the suction gases is relatively large, thus romoting increased volumetri eiiiciency o the compressor and particularly` in a high speed type of compressor with which my invention is more particularly concerned. The amount of lift or bodily separation offthe/ plate valve 20A 4from the piston head is limited by the amount of bodily shifting of the stem 21, as will be obvious and this amount may De regulated to 'a predetermined degree, as will be apparent tol those .skilled in 4the v art. While the degree of separation of the plate 'valve 20 is limited by stem l21, this in no wise interferes with the instantaneous Vproper seating of the plate valve to close the ports immediately upon .the beginning of the up or compression "stroke of the piston. c

As the suction anddischarge pipes of ammonia compressors are kept as small as possible, for well known reasons, means must be provided for high speed operation ,to prevent drop in the suction pressure otherv than having an eflicient suction valve. This is most effectively accomplished by provid-y the knob' 22 of thev If only one of'these v face of said safety head.

rib 35l provides ,a valve seat for the disof the compressor, especially for high speed operation and single piston types.

In the type-of the compressor now under consideration it will be seen that the upper portion of the b'ore or cavity of the cylinder 1,0 is considerably enlarged annularly and that the upper portion of the smaller part of said'bore or cavity is surrounded by a conical upward extension 31,` upon which is mounted'a safety head 29 having centrally therein a discharge port 35 of such form as to correspond to the shape of the upper portion of the knob 22 of the, suction valve mechanism. The upper edge of the port 35 is provided withwa rib 35 preferably produced by forming a depression orl comparatively wide groove 35" concentrically around the port 35 in the -upper sur- This circular charge'valve 27 which consistsfof al1 elongated strip of thin flexible steel, and is -mounted at onevof its ends on the head 29,

and so as to cover and rest on'the seat 35 around the port 35 near its other end. An-

vengaging said-head. The guard 30 is provided on its lower surface directly above the port 35 with an upwardly curved portion 36 the greater p art of which curved por- Ation is out of contact with the auxiliary reinforcing member 28,I which construction will permit the discharge valve and the member 28 to be bent against the-curved portion 36, thus assisting in. the quick 'seating of the valve 27. The entire-discharge valve mechanism is held'rig'idly upon the'top of the rib or projection 31 by means of the coiled spring 33, which is compressed'bet-ween the cylinder. head 34 and the valve guard 30, the projections 38 and 39 on the said head and guard respectively serving to hold and centralize the. action of said spring.

The modified construction illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, of the "drawings, embodies features which are -more particularly appli-l cable foruse in connection with'a sulphur Y dioxide compressor, and are somewhat similar to those used in an ammonia compressor,

lexcept, that an ordinarysingle trunk piston 12, is employed in the'modified form of the* cylinder 10 instead of the double trunk piston of the first.V described construction,

and that the gas receiving chamber 14, of

' the former construction is'omitted,for the reason, that in the sulphur dioxide machines the suction pipe leads directly into the crank-'case of said machine, to which case the cylinder 1()a has its horizontal fiange 11IL bolted or secured. Besidesjit willbe noted 7o that the bore or cavity of the modified form of lthe cylinder 10a has the annular enlargement at the upper end of the cavity of thev other construction omitted, or in other words, is of the" same sizev throughout its entire length. Furthermore. that the modi` fied form of the guard 30", for the discharge' valve 27 and reinforcing 'or cover member 28, is lT-shaped instead of the form of the guard of the other construction. However,

the guard 30a, serves to clamp the members e 27 and 28 between it and thehead 29",

which in the modification forms the`cylinder'head on which is Imounted the hood 50,

employed for a well known purpose. -The guard 30'* has the lower surface of its stem, or that portion thereof extended over the port 35, curved upward as in the other construction and'for the same purpose. 'Otherwise, lthe elements of the modification are J0 substantially the saine as that of the firstde! l scribed construction.

- Having thus fully described my invention, what I'claim as new and desire to 'secure by Letters Patent is 1. A vertical type fluid gas compressor, including in combination with a cylinder having near the upper end of its lbore or cavity an upwardly tapered projection forming a narrow lconcentric valve seat, of a safety head resting` upon said seat-of the cylinder, said safety head having. a depending tapered concentric projectionfitting removably upon`the said valve seat, a -discharge port in said' safety head concentric 105 with the cylinder and said head, said discharge port terminating at its upper end in a narrow concentric valve seat, an .elongated thin flexible platevalve covering the! last named valve seat, a`t least one flexible l1 0 thin steel plate covering a'portion of said elongated' plate valve to reinforce the same, a guard member secured to said safety head .and clamping the outer ends of said platev valve and said reinforcing member between ,115 said guard member and said safety head,

said guard member having a curved portion e located above but spaced from said plate valve and sald reinforcing member to linut the lift of said valve and to provide proper tension forthe same, and a heavy coil spring between said guard. member .and the cylinder head vto hold the entire discharge valve mechanism upon the said tapered projection of the cylinder. l

'2. In a vertical type fiuidv gas compressor, the combination with a cylinder having near the upper end of its bore or cavity an upwardly tapered projection forming a uarrowconcentric valve seat, of a safety head 13 resting upon said'v seat of thecylinder, said safety head having a depending tapered concentric projection fitting removably upon tlfe said valve seat, a discharge port in said safety head concentric` with the cylinder and said head, said discharge portcterminating at its upper end in a narrow concentric valve seat, an elongated thin flexible plate valve covering the last named valve seat, at least one flex1ble thin steel plate covering a portionv of said elongated plate valve yto reinforce the same, a guard member secured to said safety head and clamping the outer ends ofsaid plate valve and said reinforcing member between said guard member and said safety head, said guard member having a curved portion located above but spaced from said Vplate valve and said reinforcing member to limit the lift of saidvalve and to provideproper tension .for the same, a` heavy coil spring betvvecn saidguard member and the cylinder head to hold kthe entire discharge valve mechanism upon the said tapered projection of the cylinder. a piston operatively7 located in said cylinder and having a cavity, said cylinder provided in the face of,Vv one of its ends With a plurality of suction ports, a thin flexible plate valve seated on the face ofthe piston and covering said ports, a valve stem centrally and movvabl .located insaid Valve plate and piston en and havingat its outer end a-knob holding said valve plate upon its seat, said knob being tapered on its lower surface to facilitate the flexibility of said plate valve, said Vknol bein tapered on its upper surface to fit in the ischarge port of said safety head, a guide for said stem `located centrally in said end of 'the piston and extended through.

said plate valve, a head on the lower end 'of said stem for the purpose of limiting the lift of said valve' plate, and a coil .spring surrounding said stem between its Said head andthe aforesaid end of the piston to flexibly hold the plate valve upon 'its seat.

f 3. A reciprocating piston for a compressor cylinder, said piston including, a head provided wi h a suction port; a thin flexible y' plate val e normally positioned against the endl of said piston to close said port, said plate Valve being bodily shiftable away from said head as Wellas flexible; and means, carried by the piston head, for normally retainingsaid plate Valve in said-normal posi-a tion. vsaid means including an element bodily shi-ftable, within predetermined I limits, with respect to the piston head, to

thereby permit the bodily separation of the plate-valve from the head and flexing thereof to uncover said ,port during va return stroke of the piston. u p

- 4. In combination, a reciprocatingpiston i 'y having the head thereof ported; a flexible late valve adapted to close said ported ead; and means, carried by the p1ston head 'Lesa-19a for retaining said plate valve in operative relation Awith the piston head, said means permitting a limited bodily separation of the plate valve from the pistonhead in addition to the flexing of the plate Valve.

5. A reciprocating piston-having the head thereof ported; a spring-influencedand inertiacontrolled elementA mounted "on, the

piston head andada ted for limited movenient with respect tiereto; and a flexible plate valve adapted to close and uncover said ported head, said Yplate valve being retained in operative relation to the piston head by said element, said plate .Valve being both bodily rshiftable relatively to said head and lalso flexible abouti said element to uncover tbe ported head upon a return stroke Aof the piston.

7. In combination, a reciprocatingpiston i,

having a plurality of suction ports therein; a flexible plate valve carried by said piston( and adapted to' close said ports during a 100 compression stroke; and an inertia-controlled element also carried by said piston, said plate valve and element being each. adapted for movement relatively to the piston independent of cach ther, said element limiting the opening movement of said plate valve and the latter Ibeing adapted to flex about said element.

8. ln combination, a reciprocating piston having a plurality ofysuc't'ion ports thereinr;` a flexible plate valve carried by said lpiston andadapted to close said ports during a compression stroke; and an inertia-controlled element also carried by said piston, said plate valve and element being each adapted for movement relatively to the pistonv independent of each other, said element limiting the opening movement'of said platevalve and the latter being adapted to flex about said element, said plate valve being in the form of a disc, centrally perforated and said element havingfa stem extending loosely through the perforation. i

9. A reciprocating piston for acompressor cylinder said piston including: a head having va plurality of portstherein; a flexible v plate valve loosely vrmounted on the end of said head and adapted to"`cover said ports, said plate valve being centrally perforated; a stem mountedto slidel axially of the piston for a limited amount, said stein being headed head of the stem,v normally tendingA to inl0 at each end and the stern passingr thi-(nigh flnenee said stem vin a'direot-io'n toseat the the. perforation of said plate valve,l the head plate valve against the piston head, the inon Vthe adjacent end of the stein serving to. ertia of said stein being sufficient` ona reretain the plate valve in operative relation turn stroke, to overcome the spring inuwith the piston head land the. plate valve beenee to thereby permit bodily shifting of the 5 ing flexible about said head of the stein; ete-1n and'of the plate valve relatively to the 4 and relatively light spring means, intelpiston head to uneover the ports thereof.

posed between the piston head and the other J ULIUS FRANKENBERG. 

